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This affiliate provides a review of the function of the media in constructing and reinforcing stereotypes and discriminatory attitudes toward older Australians.

iv .i The context of media consumption

Before providing detailed analysis of the perceived influence of the media on the germination of stereotypes, information technology is important to review media consumption as reported by customs and business respondents. Non surprisingly, there are differences between younger and older respondents (see Table 8). Younger respondents are generally more than likely to eat digital media and to engage with social/peer-to-peer platforms than older participants, including:

accessing social media
watching online television including streaming, catch-upwardly TV and Apple TV
watching movies including renting, downloading, streaming or going to the movies at a cinema.

Older respondents are more than likely to engage in more traditional media, including:

free-to-air television
newspapers.

Table 8: Media consumption by audience

Older people...	Total	18 – 24 A	25 – 34 B	35 – 44 C	45 – 54 D	55 – 64 East	65+ F	Business organisation
Lookout man costless-to-air Goggle box	92%	83%	xc% A	92% A	97% ABC	95% AB	97% ABC	xc%
Heed to the radio	74%	62%	74% A	79% AF	79% ABF	73% A	seventy%	80%
Read newspapers (either newspaper or online)	67%	49%	61% A	67% A	72% AB	77% ABC	77% ABC	78%
Use social media including Twitter or Facebook	66%	91% BCDEF	81% CDEF	70% DEF	57% F	53% F	39%	59%
Sentinel movies, including renting, downloaded or going to the picture palace	56%	78% BCDEF	66% CDEF	54% EF	54% EF	42%	36%	51%
Read magazines	36%	41%	35%	32%	34%	42% CD	36%	37%
Lookout Pay TV	30%	26%	27%	33%	35% AB	27%	31%	forty%
Watch TV online	26%	43% CDEF	35% CDEF	27% DEF	20% F	xvi%	10%	29%

Question: During a typical calendar week, do you lot...
Base of operations: All respondents (Community, n=ii,020), (xviii – 34, northward=175), (25 – 34, due north=436), (35 – 44, n=452), (45 – 54, n=448), (55 – 64, n=234), (65+, northward=275), (Business n=504). A/B/C/D/E/F: Significantly higher at the 95% confidence level. Key differences in consumption of media by demographic grouping include:

females are significantly more likely to exist accessing social media (72%), when compared to males (59%)
males are more likely than females to report engaging with:
- newspapers (seventy% compared to 64%)
- pay Tv (33% compared to 28%)
those with university qualifications are more likely to report engaging with most media sources (with the exception of magazines, free-to-air Tv set and pay TV) than those whose highest educational attainment is high school or beneath
a similar pattern is seen for those on higher household incomes ($100k or more) and those employed full time, with these respondents being more likely to swallow all media sources other than magazines when compared to those on lower incomes or other employment arrangements
those who have children living with them are significantly more likely to heed to the radio (80%), when compared to those living alone (71%) and those living with a partner without children (73%)
those living with a partner without children are significantly more likely to read newspapers (76%) compared to those who live alone (61%) or those who live with children (67%).

At that place also appears to be some link between the consumption of social media and negative attitudes. Those who are more than likely to be classified every bit holding predominantly negative attitudes (including younger respondents, university graduates, and full time workers) are as well more than probable to be accessing social media (such as Twitter and Facebook), when compared to those who are non classified in this way. Findings from the audit of social media place that peaks in social media discussion almost older people are focused on reports of older people equally the victims of offense, or as otherwise physically vulnerable or at risk of illness.

4.2 The invisibility of older people

Discussions during the qualitative stage (focus groups) indicate that many older people feel some sense of invisibility. The media is seen as a contributor to this sense of invisibility, with many of the older community members in the focus groups feeling that older Australians are invisible within the media. This includes invisibility from the perspective of stories and likewise from the viewpoint of part models and media leaders:

"If yous look at the pct of people, the age bracket in a detail show, I think Australian-fabricated television has a very depression average historic period of perform[ers] compared to something coming out of Europe." (65+ years)

"It's kind of middle-age or ancient...there is no centre ground." (18-25 years)

"Fifty-fifty like presenters and stuff on Goggle box accept an expiry appointment where they are no longer useful." (18-25 years)

These qualitative comments are supported by quantitative findings from a scan of Australian media content, with this browse indicating that older people are conspicuously underrepresented in the media. This is the case across editorial news, current affairs content and advertising. From analysis of a sample that was drawn from the highest-rating and widest-circulating outlets:

people aged 65+ featured in iv.7% of the advertising content
people aged 65+ were mentioned in 6.6% of the editorial media content
people anile over 55 were referred to in 11.v% of the editorial media content.

Given that in 2012, people aged 65 or more made up 14.2% of the Australian population and people anile 55 or more made up 25.6%, this analysis indicates that older people are invisible in the media relative to their presence in the population.

4.3 The influence of the media

About all participants in the focus groups felt that the media has an bear upon on attitudes and behaviours and many felt that the touch on is negative.

Some experience that the media has a potent and pervasive touch on views about older people and that information technology is oft at the heart of views and perceptions which are unremarkably held:

"Since nearly of united states of america have no other contained style of learning how the world goes, one manner or another pretty much everything we get comes through the media. Information technology may not come up to united states first hand through the media, it may filter through the opinions of other people who have seen that or other things just y'all tin can't go away from the fact that most of the opinions you have on almost anything have come through the media in some form and it may exist quite convoluted...but it is at that place." (65+ years)

"Nosotros subconsciously absorb information technology as well and then when you come across an older person all these things come up. You don't know where they come from simply they've come from everything that you take seen." (18-25 years)

"Kids are like sponges." (18-25 years)

"We subconsciously absorb it equally well and then when you see an older person all these things come upwardly. You don't know where they come from merely they've come from everything that you have seen." (xviii-25 years)

"It'southward huge...because the majority of the population are either insufficiently educated and I don't mean schoolhouse...[they don't] really look into things and they are receptive to slogans or headlines." (65+ years)

"The influence is subliminal, for those who are non constructive enough in their lives to class their own views." (65+ years)

However, for others the strength of the media in influencing views depends on the caste to which someone has contact with an older person. If someone knows an older person (due east.yard. their gramps), then this individual will concord views based on their experience, with express influence from the media. If an private does not have contact with an older person, then perceptions volition be limited to those bachelor in the media:

"I still think personal experience trumps everything – anybody here has a potent view because they knew their grandparents or something when they were ill...no matter how many ads that is going to trump it every single time. Problem is, if you don't have connections with a family unit member you are more than reliant on advertising and television." (35-54 years)

Others also experience that personal feel reinforces positive opinions of ageing and old age, while negative perceptions are often reinforced through the media. The main example given in relation to this interaction is the perception that older people are more likely to be victims of crime. About who experience that this statement is truthful do not personally know an older person who has been a victim, although all have seen stories in the media and feel that victimisation is a mutual occurrence. In contrast, their reaction to the stereotype that all onetime people are the same is vehement in its rebuttal, simply because their grandparents had been interesting, different, fun etc, and unlike from other older people they knew. Personal experience with someone older overcomes the issues of homogeneity and invisibility discussed in relation to the media.

To understand better the relative impact of the media on negative attitudes, all respondents in the quantitative study who agreed or agreed strongly with specific negative attitudes were asked to indicate how much influence different data sources had on the formation of these attitudes. In addition to media (including visual media, print media and advertising), the relative impact of the following were assessed:

personal experience
cultural background
educational attainment
piece of work colleagues
the perceived Australian 'youth culture'.

Across all negative attitudes, personal experience, stories seen in the media and stories read in the media are the strongest contributors. While influences including cultural background, educational attainment, colleagues and Australia'southward youth culture do have some touch, this influence is muted, with generally less than one third of respondents feeling that these aspects have an influence on their attitudes near older people.

In line with findings from the qualitative phase (focus groups), across nearly attitudes, personal experience is considered to be the main driver behind mental attitude formation in most instances. This is particularly the case with attitudes related to cognitive deficiencies of older people, where more seven in x respondents experience that their personal experience has contributed to their beliefs nearly older people. While findings from the media browse do not indicate a skew toward stories focusing on the negative cerebral abilities of older people, discussions during the qualitative phase point that commercial programming (peculiarly drama series) is often seen to show older people equally forgetful. As such, there is some scope for the media to aid in breaking downward these attitudes by providing culling views of ageing in commercial programming.

Information technology is clear that the media (both print and visual) has a key role in the formation of several usually perceived stereotypes well-nigh older people:

Victimisation: Almost three-quarters (73%) of respondents feel that stories they run across in the media accept an influence on the conventionalities of older people as victims. A like proportion (71%) feel that stories they read in the media take an influence while less than half (41%) feel that this belief is based on personal experience. This is consequent with findings from the qualitative research, where stereotypes related to victimisation are seen to be reinforced and encouraged though external sources rather than personal experience:

"You hear about information technology in the media – if an old lady has been broken into and she's been hit on the head you lot are going to hear about it in all the media and the papers and stuff – whereas immature people are getting assaulted all the time but I call back the media hones into it more [when information technology is an older person]." (35-54 years) Some sub-groups are more than likely to feel that the media has an influence on their perception of older people as victims. These included:

women

those with a university qualification

CALD respondents.

Findings from the media scan ostend that a considerable volume of media content focuses on stories which portray older people equally victims – 'unknown' older people were near often mentioned in the analysed news and electric current affairs coverage as the victims of crime. 52% of those aged 18-54 years hold that older people are more likely to be victims and there is evidence that this negative attitude is driven to a considerable degree by the media.
Alone and isolated: The perception that older people are alone and isolated as well appears to exist heavily influenced by media (both print and visual), although personal experience as well has a role to play. Half-dozen in ten (63%) of respondents feel that stories they encounter in the media have an influence on their perception that older people are lonely and isolated and a similar proportion (sixty%) feel that stories they read in the media have an influence. Withal, ii-thirds (65%) also feel that their personal experience has contributed to their belief that older people are solitary or isolated.

This is in contrast to the findings from the media scan. In both mainstream news media and advertising, older people are rarely presented as isolated, alone or lonely. In news media, they are well-nigh as likely to be pictured in a social or public setting as in a domestic or private setting. However, findings from the qualitative phase show a potent link between the concepts of physical frailty, victimisation and the concept that older people are isolated and lonely. In many ways, ane results in the other from a participant view – if an older person is afraid of being victimised or if they are too fragile to leave the house, then their ability to socially engage is straight affected.

"Kids are like sponges." (18-25 years)

More than likely to be sick: Personal experience and the media have a strong influence on the perception that older people are more likely to be sick. More than than half (58%) of respondents feel that stories they read in the media accept an influence on this perception and a similar proportion (61%) feel that stories they meet in the media accept an influence. Personal experience is nearly likely to influence this perception, with 68% stating that this is influential in attitude formation.

Findings from the media scan bespeak that media coverage does skew toward a portrayal of older people as sick and vulnerable. Mainstream news media content well-nigh often presents older people equally passive, vulnerable and delicate and these traits were frequently associated with older people in the contexts of ill health. Peaks in social media word of older people are similarly focused around reports of older people as physically vulnerable or at risk of illness. There is perceived influence of the media on perceptions that older people are more likely to be ill and 36% agree that this stereotype is an authentic reflection of the older population.

Are bad drivers: 62% of respondents feel that media they see has an influence on their perception that older people are bad drivers and the aforementioned proportion again (62%) feel that media they read has an influence. Personal experience also plays a role, with 73% feeling that their experience underpins their perceptions of the driving abilities of older people.

The media scan indicates that coverage of accidents in relation to older Australians is notable and that traffic accidents are often a focus of this coverage. While it is non possible to confirm whether media stories related to traffic accidents place older people at error, there is telescopic for the media to assist in the breakup of this stereotype by reinforcing the positive traits associated with elderly drivers.

Other attitudes where a majority of respondents experience that the media has contributed to their perceptions of older people include:

a perception that older people are a significant toll to the health system : 66% experience that stories they meet in the media have an influence and 65% feel that stories they read in the media have an influence
a perception that older people complain a lot : 53% experience that stories they read or see in the media have an impact on their perception that older people are likely to mutter.

"Yous hear about it in the media – if an old lady has been broken into and she's been hit on the head you are going to hear near it in all the media and the papers and stuff – whereas young people are getting assaulted all the time but I recollect the media hones into it more [when it is an older person]." (35-54 years)

Table 9: Influence of specific levers on key attitudes (club of most frequently mentioned by those aged 18-54 years)

	Personal experience	Stories seen	Stories read	Ads	Civilization	Education	Work colleagues	Youth culture
(Social) Lonely and isolated	65%	63%	threescore%	35%	27%	29%	25%	25%
(Victimisation) Victims of crime	41%	73%	71%	36%	21%	28%	19%	23%
(Cognitive) Forgetful	74%	47%	44%	31%	21%	26%	31%	15%
(Productivity) Don't desire to exist told what to practise by someone younger	70%	39%	38%	28%	30%	29%	46%	28%
(Social) Don't like change	75%	42%	39%	27%	28%	29%	41%	20%
(Wellness) More than likely to be sick	68%	61%	58%	47%	27%	38%	36%	17%
(Productivity) Don't want to piece of work long hours	67%	33%	32%	26%	26%	25%	44%	nineteen%
(Cognitive) Are bad drivers	73%	62%	62%	43%	24%	27%	37%	21%
(Cognitive) Difficulty learning complex tasks	71%	39%	38%	29%	26%	27%	36%	21%
(Cognitive) Difficulty learning new things	71%	40%	34%	30%	25%	30%	41%	21%
(Financial) A significant cost to the health system	62%	66%	65%	42%	25%	38%	32%	23%
(Social) Don't empathize the pressure level younger people confront	66%	38%	39%	28%	30%	34%	39%	thirty%
(Technology) Prefer non to apply technology	73%	44%	41%	32%	24%	29%	41%	23%
(Social) Complain a lot	67%	53%	53%	30%	26%	22%	37%	25%
(Social) Don't have sexual relationships	36%	33%	31%	26%	23%	21%	twenty%	17%
(Social) Grumpy	62%	47%	44%	28%	27%	21%	32%	24%
(Social) Are wearisome	45%	33%	39%	35%	24%	27%	28%	27%
(Financial) Don't contribute to the Australian economy	52%	54%	57%	41%	37%	32%	29%	34%
(Productivity) Don't contribute to the workplace	48%	38%	40%	26%	30%	34%	35%	25%
(Social) Don't care almost their appearance	53%	33%	33%	32%	27%	28%	35%	26%

Question: Thinking about how younger people view older people, how much of an influence do the following have on these perceptions.
Base: All who indicated they 'agreed' or 'agreed strongly' with specific attitudes (varies by question).
Bold figures: Highlight stereotypes where more than 50% of the community sample feel the media has contributed to their perceptions about older people.

Business respondents were asked about the overall influence of different information sources as opposed to the influence of these sources on specific attitudes. Findings from business concern participants tin can be seen in Effigy 8.

Equally with the broader community, personal experience is the strongest driver of perceptions of older people, with 65% of all businesses either agreeing or agreeing strongly that their feel has influenced their perceptions. Education is the second most influential gene, with 43% feeling that this has an influence.

Around one 3rd of business organisation respondents feel that cultural background (34%) or piece of work colleagues (33%) accept an influence on their perceptions of older people.

Business respondents are least likely to feel that stories they meet in the media (15%), stories they read in the media (15%) or advertisement (14%) have an influence.

At that place are few differences by demographics in perceptions of influence for business respondents.

Figure 8: Business influence of specific levers on fundamental attitudes about older people

Question: Thinking well-nigh how younger people view older people, how much of an influence do the following have on your perceptions.
Base of operations: All business respondents (due north=504).

"Even like presenters and stuff on Telly have an expiry date where they are no longer useful." (xviii-25 years)

4.4 Media and advertizing portrayal of older people

To understand how respondents perceive media and advertising portrayals of older people, all respondents were asked to recall virtually everything they had seen and heard in media and advertising and to describe words most unremarkably used to portray older people. The findings for media mostly, and advertising specifically, are provided beneath.

(a) Media

Figure nine presents the themes most commonly mentioned past respondents in relation to the portrayal of older people in the media by and large.

Descriptors associated with negative portrayals of the cognitive or physical capabilities of older people are often mentioned, with many respondents feeling that the media portrays older people as forgetful, frail, irksome, fragile, ill or grumpy .

These findings are reflected in the media scan, where 'unknown' older people are most often seen to be portrayed as frail and weak, equally victims of crime or equally in poor wellness. In that location is besides a correlation betwixt perceived portrayals of older people in the media and the most usually held negative attitudes in relation to older people. This reflects the potential influence of the media identified in department 4.iii. Respondents are most likely to agree that older people are forgetful and vulnerable, aligning with the most commonly used descriptors for the portrayal of older people in the media. These findings suggest that community members are taking on board the portrayals currently available in the media and that this portrayal may be influencing deeply held attitudes near older people.

There are no existent differences in perceptions of media portrayal between business and the broader community.

Effigy 9: How older people are portrayed in the media

The size of each word is straight proportionate to the number of mentions of that theme.

Question: Thinking near everything you see and hear in the media (including on TV, online, on the radio and in newspapers and magazines), how does the media portray older people?
Base: All respondents (northward=ii,020).

Critically, when asked whether the portrayal of older people in the media is a fair representation of the older population in Australia, more half (61%) say that information technology is not. This suggests possible misalignment between how community members view members of the older accomplice and how the media portrays older people.

There are relatively few demographic differences in relation to those who feel that the media portrayal of older people is not fair. This perception is uniform across almost all sub-groups. However, those classified as belongings predominantly negative attitudes are less likely to feel that the portrayal is unfair (54%), when compared to those with more positive attitudes in relation to ageing (64%). Older respondents (65+) and CALD respondents are as well more likely to experience that the portrayal is unfair when compared to younger and not-CALD respondents.

Supporting these macro-level findings, one in five or fewer customs respondents (see Table 10) concur that:

at that place are generally as many positive stories in the media about ageing every bit negative (21% agree, 42% disagree)
the media portrays older people in diverse ways (19% concord, 35% disagree)
there are enough older role models portrayed in the media (sixteen% agree, 45% disagree).

Older respondents are consistently more likely to disagree with all statements and the findings for business organisation respondents are in line with those observed for the broader community.

Table 10: Perceptions of media portrayal – cyberspace level of agreement

Internet hold	Full	Age						Business
		18 – 24 A	25 – 34 B	35 – 44 C	45 – 54 D	55 – 64 E	65+ F
The media portrays older people in various means	19%	14%	17%	16%	20%	21%	29% ABCDE	16%
In that location are mostly as many positive stories in the media nearly ageing as there are negative stories	21%	17%	21%	19%	22%	21%	28% ABC	17%
There are enough older role models portrayed in the media	16%	18%	18%	14%	sixteen%	16%	16%	14%

Question: And how much practice you agree or disagree that...? Base: All respondents (Customs, due north=2,020), (eighteen – 34, n=175), (25 – 34, n=436), (35 – 44, north=452), (45 – 54, n=448), (55 – 64, n=234), (65+, n=275) (Business, n=504). Other demographic differences are too apparent:

males are significantly more probable than females to agree that at that place are enough older role models portrayed in the media, potentially reflecting issues related to gender and ageing as discussed in the qualitative research (where female participants felt that older women are less nowadays in the media)
CALD respondents are likewise significantly more probable than non-CALD to concord that there are enough older part models portrayed in the media, or that in that location are generally as many positive stories in the media near ageing as there are negative stories
respondents who think that the portrayal of older people in Commonwealth of australia is a off-white representation are significantly more likely to agree with all 3 statements compared to those who do not call up the portrayal was off-white.

Linked to findings from the media scan and qualitative enquiry, community respondents are most likely to feel that the unfair representation of older Australians is a result of a lack of diverseness of older people in the media (21% of all those who experience the portrayal is unfair). A further ten% feel that the unfairness is a effect of media stereotypes and like proportions feel that unfair portrayals are the effect of a lack of focus on the contributions older people tin can make (9%) and the fact that older people can nonetheless be healthy and active (eight%).

(b) Advert

The perceived portrayal of older people in advertising appears to differ from that of the broader media (meet Effigy 10). While aspects of cerebral and physical deficiencies continue to feature, descriptions of products specific to the older audience are also nowadays (including insurance and funerals). Interestingly, positive descriptors such as happy, caring, funny, wise and active are more than probable to exist associated with advertising than with the media more generally. Victimisation is less frequently mentioned for advertisement than information technology is for media more than by and large. In that location is little variation between findings for business and consumer audience.

Effigy 10: How older people are portrayed in advert

The size of each give-and-take is directly proportionate to the number of mentions of that theme.

Question: Thinking virtually advertizement that you have seen (including on TV, online, on the radio and in newspapers and magazines), what three words draw how older people are portrayed in advertising?
Base: All respondents (north=2,020).

When asked whether the portrayal of older people in advertising is a fair representation of the older population, almost half of all customs respondents (47%) said that information technology is non. A higher proportion of business respondents practise non feel the portrayal in advertising is fair (65%). This supports the decision that there is a misalignment between how members of the community encounter the older cohort and, in this instance, how advertising portrays older people.

Again, reflecting the findings from the media scan and qualitative research, community respondents are well-nigh likely to feel that the unfair representation of older Australians is a result of a lack of diverseness of older people in advertizement (19% of all those who feel the portrayal is unfair). A further 15% feel that the unfairness is a result of a lack of focus on the fact that older people tin can still be good for you and active. 8% feel that the unfair portrayal is the effect of an overly rosy image of ageing, 7% feel that it is a result of a focus on funeral advertizing.

As with perceptions of the media, there are relatively few differences by demographic and sub-group about the fairness of advertising portrayals of older people. Once more, those classified as holding predominantly negative attitudes are less likely to experience that the portrayal is unfair (39%), when compared to those with more positive attitudes in relation to ageing (48%).

4.5 Preferred portrayals

Respondents who feel that current media or advertising portrayal of older Australians is non off-white (1,242 respondents) were asked to depict how they would like older people portrayed in the media. Across both media and advertising, respondents want to see i of iii things:

A more neutral representation : There is a strong call for older people to exist represented as they are – simply normal people living normal lives. Linked with this, many respondents express a want for the media to finish 'lumping together' older people – these respondents want the media to show diversity within the older population and to reduce reliance on stereotypical portrayals of older people in news, print and amusement media:

"Just as they are – a diverse group with interests other than superannuation, insurance and funeral plans".

"Every bit a truthful cross-section of what is the reality. Interviews of 'famous' elderly and victims is not a true cantankerous-section".

"As diverse. You lot do have delicate, doddery old people – there'southward no escaping that fact. There are also some that are agile and alert until they die suddenly at the historic period of 103".

"Only like immature simply with more wrinkles".

"To be portrayed for who they are, not how old they are. They cannot exist painted with the same castor then to speak".

"The same equally any other social grouping – many smashing things to offer, and some not then cracking! Realistically and so to speak".

"Similar everyone else. Age doesn't need to be factored into it".

"The same as any other social group – many slap-up things to offer, and some non so great! Realistically and so to speak".

"Every bit being capable of contributing, being active, interested and willing to participate".

A more than positive and encouraging representation: Respondents besides feel that at that place is a need for the media to evidence more respect to older members of the community and to provide images and messages which reinforce the contribution that older people make to Australia. Importantly, respondents feel that retrospective portrayals of contributions are not sufficient. Many experience there is a need for the media to demonstrate how the electric current cohort is contributing rather than abode on the impact that older people had on society in their youth (for case war stories):

"Intelligent people who tin can nonetheless contribute – either in business concern or with the family unit. More recognition of the skills they can contribute".

"More focus on the different roles that older people are engaged in. How many older people, though retirees, are called on to back up their families".

"Equally people that know a lot well-nigh a lot of things and could teach young people and help them by passing on what they know".

"As being capable of contributing, beingness agile, interested and willing to participate".

"As people who contribute to society, from however existence in the workforce, to clemency or community work, not just lazy, retired people".

Breaking down fear: Many feel that in that location is a demand for the media to actively interruption downwards fear-based stereotypes, specially those to do with wellness and victimisation. Positivity is at the heart of many of the comments in relation to breaking downwardly stereotypes:

"While some older people are fearful, a lot are non. I believe that older Australians are often influenced by the media, which means that they are often "made" to be fearful by inaccurate reports, which then becomes a cycle of fear".

"In a positive mode. We exercise encounter from time to fourth dimension, but I beloved to meet elderly people that written report or still play sport rather than those that can't pay their electricity bill. I do experience for those people merely they also need to be seen as a positive influence on the community too".

"More happy and loving towards their families. Also, my grandparents have an iPad each and a DS each, and so they need to be shown on ads using engineering".

Endnotes

Deloitte Access Economics, Increasing participation amongst older workers: The grey ground forces advances (2012), p i. At http://world wide web.humanrights.gov.au/age/publications/mature_age/alphabetize.html.
Australian Agency of Statistics, Population projections, Australia, 2006 to 2101, Catalogue no 3222.0 (2008). At http://www.abs.gov.au/ausstats/abs@.nsf/Latestproducts/3222.0Main%20Features12006%20to%202101?opendocument&tabname=Summary&prodno=3222.0&issue=2006%20to%202101&num=&view=.
Advisory Panel on the Economic Potential of Senior Australians, Authorities responds to the Terminal Report of the Advisory Panel on the Economical Potential of Senior Australians (2012). At http://archive.treasury.gov.au/EPSA/content/publications/government_response/contents.asp.
Note: in the budget papers this project is referred to as: Economic Potential of Senior Australians – countering negative stereotypes and promoting positive media portrayal of older Australians.